
India’s Concerns: A Shift in Global Oil Dynamics
India’s reliance on Russian oil has skyrocketed since the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, with Russian crude now comprising 40-44% of its total imports, up from less than 1% pre-conflict. In May 2025, India imported 1.96 million barrels per day (bpd) of Russian oil, with June estimates reaching a two-year high of 2-2.2 million bpd. This shift, driven by discounted prices amid Western sanctions, has allowed Indian refiners like Reliance Industries and Nayara Energy to secure cheap crude, stabilizing domestic fuel costs.
California’s Vulnerability: A Refinery Crisis Amplified
The ripple effects of this tariff could hit California particularly hard, where an already strained refining sector is grappling with overregulation and closures. As detailed in a recent Energy News Beat article, California’s aggressive environmental policies have pushed refineries to the brink, with closures threatening the state’s fuel supply. The state’s gasoline prices, already among the highest in the U.S., could surge further if global oil markets tighten due to India’s reduced access to Russian crude.
California relies heavily on imported oil to meet its energy demands, and any disruption in global supply chains—such as India diverting its oil purchases to other markets—could exacerbate shortages. The state’s refineries, already operating at reduced capacity due to regulatory pressures, are ill-equipped to handle a sudden spike in crude prices or supply constraints. This could lead to fuel rationing, higher transportation costs, and economic strain for consumers and businesses alike.
National Security Risks: A Fragile Energy Ecosystem
Beyond California, the proposed tariffs pose a broader national security risk for the U.S. Energy independence has been a cornerstone of U.S. policy, but reliance on stable global oil markets remains critical. The U.S. Energy Information Administration notes that disruptions in key oil-producing regions, such as the Middle East, have historically spiked prices and strained domestic supplies. If India and China, major players in global oil demand, are forced to seek alternative suppliers due to U.S. tariffs, it could destabilize markets and drive up prices worldwide.
Moreover, the tariffs could strain U.S.-India relations, a critical partnership for countering China’s influence in the Indo-Pacific. India’s potential shift to Iranian or other non-Russian oil sources could complicate U.S. sanctions enforcement and embolden adversarial suppliers. This realignment risks creating a fragmented global energy market, where the U.S. loses leverage over key allies and adversaries alike.
A Delicate Balancing Act
The U.S. faces a delicate balancing act. While the tariff aims to pressure Russia, it risks alienating allies like India and destabilizing global oil markets. For California, already teetering on the edge of an energy crisis, the consequences could be dire. Higher fuel prices and supply shortages would hit consumers and industries, while the state’s green energy transition—already under scrutiny—could face further delays.
Nationally, the U.S. must weigh the strategic costs of this policy. Energy security is national security, and any move that disrupts global oil flows could undermine America’s economic stability and geopolitical influence. As India raises the alarm, the U.S. would be wise to consider alternative measures—such as targeted sanctions or diplomatic pressure—that achieve the same goals without igniting a broader energy crisis.
The Bottom Line
This Week’s Stories on California as a National Security Risk.
California’s net-zero emissions plan is a ‘national security’ risk for America
California is a National Security Risk, Funding the Ukrainian/Russian War, and Closing Refineries in California
California to Examine Amazon Oil Ties Following Pleas from Ecuador’s Indigenous Leaders: A Closer Look at Newsom’s Energy Choices
California is a U.S. National Security Risk, and the Gas and Diesel Crisis Was Manufactured
California Helps Iraq Claim Top Spot Among OPEC Crude Oil Suppliers to the United States
And check out the podcast, California’s Energy Policies are a Problem: A Major National Risk?.
Mike Umbro and Ronald Stein are exceptional energy leaders with a passion for helping to save California.