Authored by Mike Shedlock via MishTalk.com,
We have gone from just in time manufacturing to just in case hoarding. Or have we?
If so, at what cost?
And what about China?
Is De-Globalization Happening?
De-Globalization Transition?
The Cost?
The correct answer follows.
Three Stages of De-Globalization
Please consider the Three Stages of De-Globalization.
It is true that you cannot see de-globalization in the data, but there is a problem with this argument: today’s trade is the result of decisions taken a long time ago. Last year, German companies invested EUR11.5bn in China, the highest ever. Trade volumes with China are also near record levels. The WTO’s chief economist, Ralph Ossa, now warns that political decisions taken today will eventually be reflected in data on trade and investment.
He told FAZ that de-globalization takes place in three stages. Stage one is complete. It is a change in narrative. The second is protectionism, like the US inflation reduction act, and various measures now taken by all countries, the EU included, to subject trade and investment to geopolitical considerations. The third stage is an actual fall in trade and investment. That has not happened yet. But it is only a question of time.
Ossa put the cost of global de-fragmentation in terms of a fall in global national income at 5.4%. He puts the total opportunity cost at 8.6% of national income if one includes the gains that would have been possible through tariff reductions. There are similarities to the debate on the economic consequences of Brexit. Fragmentation has a cost. A single country can offset this cost, for example by switching the economic model. The world, as a whole, cannot do that. This is going to be a real loss in income due to negative network effects.
We see global fragmentation as the biggest of the foreseeable structural economic risks the world economy is facing right now. Ossa’s is the first numeric estimate we have seen of the total cost. We saw similar predictions ahead of Brexit. But there is one big difference. In the case of the UK, an electorate decided that it was ready to pay this cost. The world is now sleepwalking in a similar direction.
Stage Two
I discussed stage two, several times already.
November 30, 2022: The EU is Very Worried About Biden’s Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)
December 6, 2022: Biden’s Climate Change War Picks Up Steam In More Ways Than One
December 19, 2022: EU Imposes the World’s Largest Carbon Tax Scheme, Inflationary Madness Sets In
January 16, 2023: “America First”, Biden and Trump Both Guilty of Sponsoring Inflation
Stage three is not that far off.
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